马京利(1843～1901年)

McKinley, William

美国第二十五任总统（1897～1901）。南北战争期间，他担任海斯上校（Rutherford B. Hayes，後为总统）的副官。也正是海斯上校後来鼓励他参政。1877年他入选参议院（1877～1891）。他支持保护性关税并资助设立了1980年的马京利税法。在汉纳（Mark Hanna）的支持下，他获选为州长。1896年他赢得了共和党总统候选人提名，并在大选中击败了布莱安（W. J. Bryan）。他曾召集国会召开特别会议讨论提高关税问题，但是很快他就被古巴问题和缅因号战舰炸毁事件缠身，结果招致美西战争。战争结束时，他鼓吹把菲律宾、波多黎各以及其他前西班牙属地划归美国。1900年他再次以多票优势击败了布莱安。接着他开始到处履行、鼓吹加强信任和商业互惠的控制以增加外贸和其他一些战争期间忽略的问题。1901年9月6日，一位无政府主义者佐格茨（Leon Czolgosz）在纽约州的水牛镇给了他致命的一枪。罗斯福继任为总统。

English version：

1843～1901年

McKinley, William

25th president of the U.S. (1897-1901). Born in Niles, Ohio, he served in the Civil War as an aide to Col. Rutherford B. Hayes, who later encouraged his political career. He was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives (1877-91), where he favored protective tariffs and sponsored the McKinley Tariff of 1890. With the support of Mark Hanna, he was elected governor (1892-96). In 1896 he won the Republican presidential nomination and the general election, defeating William Jennings Bryan. He called a special session of Congress to increase customs duties, but was soon involved in events in Cuba and the sinking of the USS Maine, which led to the Spanish-American War. At the war's end, he advocated U.S. dependency status for the Philippines, Puerto Rico, and other former Spanish territories. He again defeated Bryan by a large majority in 1900, and began a tour to urge control of trusts and commercial reciprocity to boost foreign trade, issues neglected during the war. In Buffalo, N.Y., on September 6, 1901, he was fatally shot by an anarchist, Leon Czolgosz. He was succeeded by Theodore Roosevelt.