勃艮地(Burgundy)

法语作Bourgogne

法国历史区域。勃艮地一名原指勃艮地人在隆河河谷和瑞士西部建立的王国，他们是日耳曼民族的一支，5世纪时逃离德国。西元534年左右被梅罗文加王朝征服，後被并入法兰克帝国。843年的「凡尔登条约」把它分给神圣罗马帝国洛泰尔一世统治的中部法兰克王国。後来被划分为上勃艮地（建於888年），以及或称普罗旺斯的下勃艮地（建於879年）。933年统一为勃艮地王国。13世纪以後称阿尔勒王国。勃艮地公国则形成於9世纪，由原来王国的西北部土地构成。1361年勃艮地公爵去世，公国就转入法国王室手中。後来赐给腓力二世，到1477年领土已扩张到低地国家。後来为路易十一世所占，被并入王室，在法国大革命以前一直是个省份。首府第戎。制酒是该地区重要的经济活动。

English version：

Burgundy

Historical region, France. The name was originally applied to a kingdom in the Rhone valley and western Switzerland founded by the Burgundians, a Germanic people who fled Germany in the 5th century. Conquered by the Merovingians c. 534, it was incorporated into the Frankish empire. By the 843 Treaty of Verdun, it was included in the Middle Kingdom of Lothair I's Holy Roman Empire. It was later divided into Cisjurane (Lower) Burgundy, or Provence (founded 879), and Transjurane (Upper) Burgundy (founded 888); they united in 933 to form the kingdom of Burgundy. After the 13th century, it was known as the kingdom of Arles; the name Burgundy was applied to the duchy of Burgundy, formed in the 9th century from lands in the northwestern part of the original kingdom. On the death of Burgundy's duke in 1361, the duchy reverted to the French crown. Given to Philip II, by 1477 its lands extended into the Low Countries. It was seized by Louis XI, annexed to the French crown, and was a province until the French Revolution. Today the area forms a governmental region with its capital at Dijon. Winemaking is an important part of the economy.