萨德(1740～1814年)

Sade, Marquis de，原名Donatien-Alphonse-Fran?ois, comte de Sade。

法国小说家与哲学家。在七年战争结束放弃军职之後结婚，同时卷入同妓女、被他诱拐的当地年轻人之间的放荡与暴虐的性丑闻事件，为此他多次被关，并曾经差点被处死。他不顾贵族出身，支持法国大革命，他视代表政治解放的革命与他自己所主张的性解放不相上下。他曾两度被送至精神病院（1789～1790、1801～1814），最後在那里过世。在监狱中他克服了厌烦和怒火开始写色情小说和戏剧。1785年写的《所多玛的一百二十天》是四个浪荡子诱拐受害者从事不停地反常纵欲狂欢的故事。最着名的小说《朱斯蒂娜或美德的不幸》（1791）中女主角因不能理解没有道德的上帝及欲望是唯一真实之事而被处死。其他的作品包括《卧室的哲学》（1793）和《情欲的罪行》（1800）。

English version：

1740～1814年

Sade, Marquis de

French novelist and philosopher. After abandoning a military career at the end of the Seven Years' War, he married and became involved in a life of debauchery and outrageous scandal with prostitutes and with local young people he abducted, for which he was repeatedly imprisoned, once narrowly escaping execution. Despite his noble birth, he supported the French Revolution, which he saw as representing political liberation on a level parallel to the sexual liberation he himself represented. He was twice sent to the insane asylum at Charenton (1789-90, 1801-14), where he would eventually die. He overcame boredom and anger in prison and the asylum by writing sexually graphic novels and plays. The 120 Days of Sodom (written 1785) was a tale of four libertines who kidnap victims for a nonstop orgy of perversion. In his most famous novel, Justine (1791), the heroine suffers because she fails to perceive that there is no moral God and that desire is the only reality. His other works include Philosophy in the Bedroom (1793) and Crimes of Passion (1800).