布拉克(1882～1963年)

Braque, Georges

法国画家。在勒哈佛尔学习绘画，後来进入巴黎一所私立美术学院学习，并在公立美术学院学过很短一个时期。他早期的作品受到印象派影响，而他第一批重要作品（1905～1907）则受到野兽派的先驱德安和马谛斯的影响。1907年在巴黎独立者沙龙展出的六幅画全部售出。同年，放弃野兽主义後，又和毕卡索创立称为立体主义的新绘画风格。他的绘画大多是静物，以几何形状和柔和的色彩表现。1912年，他把三张壁纸剪碎贴到素描《水果盘与玻璃杯》上，创造了普遍认为是破天荒第一张「黏贴画」。1920年代时他已是一位大走红运、地位牢固的当代大师。1923和1925年他两次受到俄罗斯芭蕾舞团团长佳吉列夫的委托，设计舞台布景。他的生涯声望崇隆且持久，布拉克在世的最後几年，世界各地纷纷为他举行盛大的回顾展。1961年，他成为生前能在罗浮宫展出作品的第一位艺术家。

English version：

1882～1963年

Braque, Georges

French painter. He studied painting in Le Havre, then in Paris at a private academy and briefly at the école des Beaux-Arts. Though his earliest works were influenced by Impressionism, his first important paintings (1905-7) were in the Fauvist style pioneered by Andre Derain and Henri Matisse; in 1907 he exhibited and sold six of these paintings at the Salon des Indépendants. Abandoning Fauvism in 1907, with Pablo Picasso he invented the revolutionary new style known as Cubism. He painted mostly still lifes featuring geometrical shapes and low-key color harmonies. In 1912 he introduced the collage or papier collé (pasted-paper picture) by attaching three pieces of wallpaper to the drawing Fruit Dish and Glass. By the 1920s he was a prosperous, well-established modern master. In 1923 and 1925 he designed stage sets for Sergey Diaghilev's Ballets Russes. He enjoyed a long and prestigious career; in his later years he was honored with important exhibitions throughout the world. In 1961 he became the first living artist to have his works exhibited in the Louvre.