艾许(1943～1993年)

Ashe, Arthur (Robert), Jr.

美国网球运动员，生於维吉尼亚州里奇蒙（Richmond），艾许早年被认为是个网球神童，但因种族歧视而受到排斥。在加州大学洛杉矶分校就读时的各项傲人的成绩和数次业余比赛的胜利，包括了美国公开赛（U. S. Open, 1968）後，转为职业球员。他是台维斯盃（Davis Cup）美国队第一位黑人球员，并在1963、1968、1969、1970、1978年帮助美国队在台维斯盃对抗赛（决赛）中取胜。1975年艾许夺得温布敦（Wimbledon）单打冠军和世界锦标赛单打冠军，名列世界网坛榜首。1980年退出网球比赛，1981～1985年担任参加台维斯盃赛美国队队长。1985年成为首位被选入国际网球名人堂（International Tennis Hall of Fame）的黑人球员。在球场之外他是种族不平等的批判者，包括南非的种族隔离政策。1992年艾许接受了冠状动脉分流手术。可能因输了受污染的血液，从而感染了爱滋病，自此致力向大众推广对此病的警觉。目前举行美国公开赛的艾许球场（Arthur Ashe Stadium），就是以他的名字命名，於1997年启用，属纽约弗拉兴（Flushing）的国家网球中心（national Tennis Center）。

English version：

1943～1993年

Ashe, Arthur (Robert), Jr.

U.S. tennis player. Born in Richmond, Va., he was recognized early as a tennis prodigy despite being restricted by segregation. After a stellar career at UCLA and important amateur victories, including the U.S. Open (1968), he turned professional. The first black member of the U.S. Davis Cup team, he helped win five championships (1963, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1978). In 1975 he won the Wimbledon and World Championship Tennis singles events and received top world ranking. He retired in 1980 and became captain of the U.S. Davis Cup team (to 1985). In 1985 he became the first black male inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame. Off the court he was a critic of racial injustice, including South Africa's apartheid policy. In 1992 he revealed that he had been infected with the AIDS virus by a transfusion following surgery, and he thereafter devoted time to increasing public awareness of the disease. The U.S. Open is now played at Arthur Ashe Stadium, which opened at the National Tennis Center in Flushing, N.Y., in 1997.