拜伦(1788～1824年)

Byron, George (Gordon), Baron

受封为拜伦勳爵（Lord Byron）

英国浪漫派诗人和讽刺作家。先天跛足，对此十分敏感，十岁时意外继承了爵位和财产。在剑桥大学受教育，以讽刺诗《英国诗人和苏格兰评论家》（1809）受到注目，该诗是回应评论家对他第一部作品《闲暇的时刻》（1807）所作的评论。二十一岁时开始到欧洲旅行。沿途所见均写在《恰尔德.哈罗尔德游记》（1812～1818）一诗中，该诗吐露了他的悲郁心情与幻想破灭，给他带来了声誉，而他复杂的个性、外表风度翩翩以及许多爱情绯闻事件博取了欧洲人的好感。拜伦在日内瓦附近定居下来後，写了诗歌寓言《希永之囚》（1816），是对自由的赞美和对暴政的控诉；还写了一部诗剧《曼弗雷德》（1817），其主人翁反映了拜伦自己的内疚和挫折。他最伟大的诗篇《唐璜》（1819～1824）是用八行诗写的一部未完成的传奇式流浪冒险讽刺诗。在其他大量的作品中，还有诗歌寓言和诗剧。後来赴希腊协助希腊人为独立而奋斗，结果得热病而死，成为希腊的民族英雄。

English version：

1788～1824年

Byron, George (Gordon), Baron

British Romantic poet and satirist. Born with a clubfoot and extremely sensitive about it, he was 10 when he unexpectedly inherited his title and estates. Educated at Cambridge, he gained recognition with English Bards and Scotch Reviewers (1809), a satire responding to a critical review of his first published volume, Hours of Idleness (1807). At 21 he embarked on a European grand tour. Childe Harold's Pilgrimage (1812-18), a poetic travelogue expressing melancholy and disillusionment, brought him fame, while his complex personality, dashing good looks, and many scandalous love affairs captured the imagination of Europe. Settling near Geneva, he wrote the verse tale The Prisoner of Chillon (1816), a hymn to liberty and an indictment of tyranny, and Manfred (1817), a poetic drama whose hero reflected Byron's own guilt and frustration. His greatest poem, Don Juan (1819-24), is an unfinished epic picaresque satire in ottava rima. Among his numerous other works are verse tales and poetic dramas. He died of fever in Greece while aiding the struggle for independence, making him a Greek national hero.