斯洛维尼亚(Slovenia)

正式名称斯洛维尼亚共和国（Republic of Slovenia）

巴尔干半岛西北端国家。面积20,256平方公里。人口约1,991,000（2001）。首都︰卢布尔雅那。人口绝大部分是斯洛维尼亚人。语言︰斯洛文尼语（官方语）。宗教︰天主教。货币︰斯洛维尼亚多拉（SlT）。斯洛维尼亚多山区和森林，有肥沃的深谷地和众多的河流。斯洛维尼亚是巴尔干半岛一个较为繁荣的区域，经济以制造业为基础。矿藏有煤、铅和锌，林业、畜牧业和农作物包括马铃薯、谷物和水果也很重要。政府形式为共和国，两院制。国家元首为总统，政府首脑为总理。

西元6世纪，斯洛维尼亚人定居在该地区。8世纪并入加洛林王朝的法兰克帝国版图。9世纪该国被纳入日耳曼，为神圣罗马帝国的一部分。在短暂的法国拿破仑统治（1809～1813）之後，大部分土地属於奥地利，直至1918年，组成了塞尔维亚－克罗埃西亚－斯洛维尼亚王国。1946年斯洛维尼亚成为组成南斯拉夫的一个共和国。1947年取得原义大利亚得里亚海海岸线的一段。1990年，斯洛维尼亚举行了自第二次世界大战以来南斯拉夫境内的第一次多党选举。1991年脱离南斯拉夫。1992年，其独立得到国际的承认。

English version：

Slovenia

Country, northwestern Balkans. Area: 7,821 sq mi (20,256 sq km). Population (1997 est.): 1,955,000. Capital: Ljubljana. The vast majority of the population is Slovene. Language: Slovene (official). Religion: Roman Catholicism (86%). Currency: Slovene tolar. Slovenia is predominantly mountainous and wooded, with deep, fertile valleys and numerous rivers. One of the more prosperous regions of the Balkans, its economy is largely based on manufacturing. It mines coal, lead, and zinc; forestry, livestock, and crops, including potatoes, grains, and fruits are also important. It is a republic with two legislative houses; its head of state is the president, and the head of government is the prime minister. The Slovenes settled the region in the 6th century AD. In the 8th century it was incorporated into the Frankish empire of Charlemagne, and in the 9th century it came under Germany as part of the Holy Roman Empire. Except for 1809-13, when Napoleon ruled the area, most of the lands belonged to Austria until the formation of the kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes in 1918. It became a constituent republic of Yugoslavia in 1946, and received a section of the former Italian Adriatic coastline in 1947. In 1990 Slovenia held the first contested multiparty elections in Yugoslavia since before World War II. In 1991 it seceded from Yugoslavia; its independence was internationally recognized in 1992.