梅特涅(1773～1859年)

Metternich(-Winneburg-Beilstein), Klemens (Wenzel Nepomuk Lothar), Fürst (Prince) von

奥地利政治家。曾担任奥地利驻萨克森外交使节（1801～1803）、驻柏林大使（1803～1805），以及驻巴黎大使（1806～1809）。1809年被法兰西斯一世任命为外交大臣，并担任此职位一直到1848年。他协助促成了拿破仑同法兰西斯的女儿玛丽-路易丝之间的婚姻。他还透过老练的外交技能和谎言使奥地利在普法战争（1812）中保持中立，在最终同普鲁士和俄国结为联盟（1813）之前保持了奥地利的实力。国王十分感谢梅特涅在外交上卓越的成就，将他封为世袭的亲王。梅特涅也是维也纳会议的组织者（1814～1815），他使欧洲各国之间维持均势，从而确保了政府之间的稳定。1815年以後，他极力反对自由主义思想和革命运动。在1848年革命後被迫辞职。他因重建了奥地利在欧洲的势力而被人们称颂。

English version：

1773～1859年

Metternich(-Winneburg-Beilstein), Klemens (Wenzel Nepomuk Lothar), Fürst (Prince) von

Austrian statesman. He served in the diplomatic service as Austrian minister in Saxony (1801-3), Berlin (1803-5), and Paris (1806-9). In 1809 Francis I of Austria appointed him minister of foreign affairs, a position he would retain until 1848. He helped promote the marriage of Napoleon and Francis's daughter Marie-Louise. By skillful diplomacy and deceit, he kept Austria neutral in the war between France and Russia (1812) and secured its position of power before finally allying with Prussia and Russia (1813). In gratitude for his diplomatic achievements, the emperor created Metternich a hereditary prince. As the organizer of the Congress of Vienna (1814-15), he was largely responsible for the policy of balance of power in Europe to ensure the stability of European governments. After 1815 he remained firmly opposed to liberal ideas and revolutionary movements. He was forced to resign by the Revolution of 1848. He is remembered for his role in restoring Austria as a leading European power.