魏伦(1844～1896年)

Verlaine, Paul(-Marie)

法国抒情诗人，在当公务员时，常与高蹈派诗人交往。1866年出版第一部诗集《感伤集》。早期的诗集有《戏装游乐图》（1869）、《美好的歌》（1870）和《无题浪漫曲》（1874）。与马蒂尔德.莫泰结婚，生活放纵的诗人自称是迷途中遇到了救星。随诗人兰波经比利时至伦敦。在比利时魏伦酒醉後开枪打伤兰波，被判两年监禁。出狱後过了几年虔诚的教徒生活，这一时期的诗收集在1880年出版的《智慧集》中。他晚年的诗代表着灵与肉两种不同倾向。《今昔集》（1884）收集了许多没有成集的旧作，其中着名者有《诗艺》（1882），这是受到了当时象徵派热烈推崇的诗论。他还写过几部论着介绍当时的诗人及作家，与马拉美和波特莱尔形成所谓颓废派。

English version：

1844～1896年

Verlaine, Paul(-Marie)

French lyric poet. After entering the civil service, he was first associated with the Parnassian poets, contributing to the first Le Parnasse contemporain (1866). His early collections, Poèmes saturniens (1866), Fêtes galantes (1869), La bonne chanson (1870), and Romances sans paroles (1874), show the intense lyricism and musicality that would mark all his verse. His marriage was shattered by his infatuation with Arthur Rimbaud, and the two scandalized Paris with their behavior in 1872-73. While in prison in Belgium (1873-75) for shooting Rimbaud when the latter threatened to leave him, he converted to Catholicism and probably composed the famous “Art poétique,” adopted in 1882 by the poets of the Symbolist movement. Sagesse (1880) expresses his religious faith and his emotional odyssey. He later taught French and English; he spent his late years in poverty, but just before his death he was sponsored for a major international lecture tour. His Les poètes maudits (1884; “The Accursed Poets”) consists of short biographical studies of six poets, including Stephane Mallarme and Rimbaud. He is regarded as the third great member (after Charles Baudelaire and Mallarmé) of the so-called Decadents.