新泽西(New Jersey)

美国东部一州。面积20,168平方公里。首府为特棱顿。哈得逊河为其东北部边界，德拉瓦河则为西部边界。在欧洲殖民者到来前，这里的原住民是德拉瓦人印第安部落。虽然韦拉札诺和哈得逊是最早发现这里的人，但这里的第一批殖民者是来自荷兰和瑞典的商人。在美国革命期间，这里曾经是许多战斗的战场，包括1776年由华盛顿指挥的那场跨越德拉瓦河後的战役（参阅Trenton and Princeton, battles of）。1787年成为批准美国宪法的第三个州。独立战争以後直到南北战争之前，运河和随後的铁路建设大大地推进了这里的工业化进程。尽管18世纪这里丰饶的农业为它带来了「花园州」的美誉，该州的经济还是以制造业为主。这里也有许多研究机构和实验室。以大西洋城着称的旅游业在地方经济中扮演着举足轻重的角色。州内主要城市有纽华克、泽西城、帕特生和伊莉莎白。人口约8,053,000（1997）。

English version：

New Jersey

State (pop., 1997 est.: 8,053,000), eastern U.S. It covers 7,787 sq mi (20,168 sq km); its capital is Trenton. The Hudson River forms its northeastern boundary; the Delaware River, its western boundary. Before European colonization, the region was inhabited by Delaware Indian tribes. Although it was sighted by Giovanni Verrazzano and Henry Hudson, it was first settled by Dutch and Swedish traders. It was the site of numerous battles during the American Revolution, including one led by Gen. George Washington in 1776, after crossing the Delaware (see Battles of Trenton and Princeton). It was the third state to ratify the U.S. Constitution in 1787. Between the Revolutionary and Civil wars, it underwent tremendous industrialization, abetted by the construction of canals and, later, railways. Although known as the “Garden State,” a name influenced by its 18th century agricultural fertility, its economy is based primarily on manufacturing, and it has many research facilities and laboratories. Tourism, led by Atlantic City, is also important. Chief cities include Newark, Jersey City, Paterson, and Elizabeth.