泰勒(1784～1850年)

Taylor, Zachary

美国第十二任总统。在肯塔基边疆长大，参加过1812年战争，黑鹰战争和佛罗里达的米诺尔战争，并且由於他不怕困难被称为「老马虎」。後来前往的德克萨斯参加与墨西哥的战争，在帕洛阿尔托战役和雷斯卡德拉帕尔玛战役中打败墨西哥侵略者。墨西哥战争正式开始後，他收复了蒙特雷，批准了墨西哥军队八周的休战。波克总统因此而发怒，并将泰勒最好的部队调往司各脱指挥的入侵韦拉克鲁斯。泰勒无视停留在蒙特雷的命令，向南进军，在布埃纳维斯塔战役中击败强大的墨西哥军队。泰勒也成为民族英雄，并且提名为辉格党总统候选人（1848）。後来击败卡斯赢得选举。他的短暂的任期中出现了对新领土的争议，产生了1850年妥协案。他任职期间也爆出了其内阁成员的丑闻。泰勒任职十六个月後死於霍乱，由费尔摩尔继任。

English version：

1784～1850年

Taylor, Zachary

12th president of the U.S. (1849-50). Born in Montebello, Va., he grew up on the Kentucky frontier. He fought in the War of 1812, the Black Hawk War (1832), and the Seminole War in Florida (1835-42), earning the nickname “Old Rough-and-Ready” for his indifference to hardship. Sent to Texas in anticipation of war with Mexico, he defeated the Mexican invaders at the battles of Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma (1846). After the Mexican War formally began, he captured Monterrey and granted the Mexican army an eight-week armistice. Displeased, Pres. James Polk moved Taylor's best troops to serve under Winfield Scott in the invasion of Veracruz. Taylor ignored orders to remain in Monterrey and marched south to defeat a large Mexican force at the Battle of Buena Vista (1847). He became a national hero and was nominated as the Whig candidate for president (1848). He defeated Lewis Cass to win the election. His brief term was marked by a controversy over the new territories that produced the Compromise of 1850 and by a scandal involving members of his cabinet. He died, probably of cholera, after only 16 months in office and was succeeded by Millard Fillmore.

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