范戴克(1599～1641年)

Van Dyck, Anthony

受封为安东尼爵士（Sir Anthony）

法兰德斯画家。范戴克为一个富裕的丝绸商的孩子。十岁开始学画。早年加入安特卫普画家公会。在鲁本斯的影响下，他的个人风格得到了全面发展。他运用灰性、温暖的色调，在用笔和光线处理上较粗放。1621年来到义大利。在回到安特卫普，接受了大批祭坛画和肖像画定货，还制作了大批铜版肖像画。1632年来到英国，被英王查理一世指定为宫廷画师。他画了大量在英国史上具有重大作用的人物肖像画。范戴克的艺术成就不仅影响了法兰德斯、德国和荷兰的肖像画家，同时对英国18世纪重要的肖像画家，特别是根兹博罗和雷诺兹的艺术风格也产生了很大影响。

English version：

1599～1641年

Van Dyck, Anthony

Flemish painter. Son of a well-to-do silk merchant, he was apprenticed to an Antwerp painter at 10. He soon came under the influence of Peter Paul Rubens, for his early works are painted in Rubens's melodramatic style, though with darker and warmer color, more abrupt chiaroscuro, and more angular figures. He was a master in the Antwerp artists' guild by 19, at which time he was also working with Rubens. He spent over five years in Italy (1621-27); on his return, he received many commissions for altarpieces and portraits. He also executed works on mythological subjects and was a fine draftsman and etcher, but he is chiefly known for his portraits, in which he idealized his models without sacrificing their individuality. In Britain in 1632, he was appointed court painter by Charles I. He gained a comfortable income from the many portraits he painted in Britain, and his life matched his clients' in luxury. His influence was pervasive and lasting; Flemish, Dutch, and German portraitists imitated his style and technique, and the 18th-century English portraitists, especially Thomas Gainsborough and Joshua Reynolds, were deeply indebted to him.