法兰西斯一世(1494～1547年)

Francis I

法语作Fran?ois

法国国王（1515～1547年在位）。路易十二世的堂弟与女婿。1515年继承王位。加冕後匆匆进军义大利。收复了米兰公国。他是文艺复兴时期的艺术与学术提倡者，人文主义者，具有骑士风度的国王。经常到全国各地游历。在旅途中他大批释放罪犯，制止贵族滥用司法权，并为当地人民举行运动会，并发表演说。1519年当查理五世在选举中赢得德意志国王王位後，这一切都画上句点。已经是西班牙国王的查理五世，其领土包围着法国。法兰西斯一世在金缕地寻求与亨利八世结盟，未成。随後，自1521年向查理五世发动一系列战争。1525年法兰西斯一世被俘，在狱中受折磨。他拒绝接受查理五世的过当要求。1526年法国大使缔结了条约，法兰西斯一世获释。1536年法兰西斯一世对查理五世重新开战，并与土耳其人结成反对查理的同盟。

English version：

1494～1547年

Francis I

King of France (1515-47). The cousin and son-in-law of Louis XII, Francis succeeded to the throne in 1515. Soon after his coronation he rode off to the Italian Wars (1515-16) and recovered the Duchy of Milan. He was a Renaissance patron of the arts, a humanist, and a popular king who traveled throughout France, curtailing abuses by nobles and providing games and processions for the people. All this ended with the election in 1519 of Charles V as emperor. Charles was already king of Spain, and his lands now encircled France. Francis vainly sought an alliance with Henry VIII on the Field of Cloth of Gold, then waged a series of wars with Charles from 1521. Francis was taken captive in 1525 and languished in prison, refusing to accede to Charles's exorbitant demands, until in 1526 the French ambassadors concluded a treaty. The war with Charles resumed in 1536, and one of Francis's last diplomatic achievements was an alliance with the Turks against the emperor.