伊利诺(Illinois)

美国中西部一州。密西西比河为该州西界，俄亥俄河和沃巴什河构成其东南界，伊利诺河横贯该州。芝加哥位於其东北边界处，是美国第三大城市。大约西元前8000年就有印第安人居住於此。约西元前1300年密西西比文化以霍基亚为中心。在欧洲人殖民时，所有居住在伊利诺州的部落均为阿尔冈昆部族。1673年法国探险家马凯特和若利埃进入伊利诺地区。法国一直控制此区到1763年法国印第安人战争後，才归属英国人管辖。1783年成为西北地区的一部分，1800年画为印第安纳准州一部分。1809年成立伊利诺准州，而1818年加入联邦，成为美国的第二十一州。虽然在南北战争时政治处於分裂状态，但仍是联邦的一员。20世纪以来共和党和民主党之间的激烈竞争成了伊利诺州政治生活的特色，该州的大量选举人票也使它成为总统选举中的主要战场。伊利诺州是美国最大的工业中心之一，以非电子类机械的产量最高。同时它也是主要的保险业中心。首府春田。面积149,885平方公里。人口约12,419,293（2000）。

English version：

Illinois

State (population 1997 est.: 11,896,000), midwestern U.S. It covers 56,400 sq mi (146,076 sq km); its capital is Springfield. The Mississippi River forms the state's western boundary, the Ohio and Wabash rivers form its southeastern border, and the Illinois River traverses it. Located on its northeastern border is Chicago, the nation's third largest city. Indian settlement dates from 8000 BC. The Mississippian culture was centered at Cahokia c. AD 1300; all the tribes inhabiting the area at the time of European settlement were of Algonquian stock. The French explorers Jacques Marquette and Louis Jolliet entered the territory in 1673. France controlled it until 1763, when it passed to Britain after the French and Indian War. It became part of the Northwest Territory in 1783, and part of Indiana Territory in 1800; Illinois Territory was formed in 1809 and it became the 21st state in 1818. Although politically divided during the American Civil War , Illinois remained part of the Union. In the 20th century intense rivalry between Republicans and Democrats, and its large electoral vote made it a major battleground in presidential elections. It is one of the largest U.S. industrial centers, and a top manufacturer of nonelectrical machinery. It is also a major insurance center.

参考文章

• 豆制品加工技术-美国伊利诺大学豆乳制备法豆制品
• 美国伊利诺伊州库克县芝加哥的历史沿革专项地理