老勃鲁盖尔(约1525～1569年)

Bruegel, Pieter, the Elder

16世纪法兰德斯最伟大的画家。人们对他早年生涯并不熟悉，1551年前往义大利旅行，在那里创作了他早期的画作《基督和使徒们在太巴利的海上》（1553?）。1555年回到法兰德斯，创作了一系列以讽刺性道德说教题材的作品，这些受博斯梦幻、怪诞风格影响的作品为他赢得一些名声。他的着名作品大多描绘尼德兰的谚语、季节性的风景、农民生活和民间传说、但他也以一种小说的取向描绘宗教主题，经常以从上俯瞰的角度描摩圣经事件的全景。他有许多赞助者，画作多是受收藏者委托绘成的。他的素描、版画作品有很多，约四十幅他的真迹保存下来。他的儿子小勃鲁盖尔（Peter Brueghel the Younger, 1564～1638）和大勃鲁盖尔（两人都将父亲不要的h加回自己的姓中），以及其他的模仿者将他的风格延续到18世纪。

English version：

约1525～1569年

Bruegel, Pieter, the Elder

Greatest Netherlandish painter of the 16th century. Not much is known of his early life, but in 1551 he set off for Italy, where he produced his earliest signed painting, Landscape with Christ and the Apostles at the Sea of Tiberias (c. 1553). Returning to Flanders in 1555, he achieved some fame with a series of satirical, moralizing prints in the style of Hieronymus Bosch, commissioned by an Antwerp engraver. He is best known for his paintings of Netherlandish proverbs, seasonal landscapes, and realistic views of peasant life and folklore, but he also took a novel approach to religious subject matter, portraying biblical events in panoramic scenes, often viewed from above. He had many important patrons; most of his paintings were commissioned by collectors. In addition to many drawings and engravings, about 40 authenticated paintings from his enormous output have survived. His sons, Peter Brueghel the Younger (1564-1638) and Jan, the Elder Brueghel (both of whom restored to the name the h their father had abandoned), as well as later imitators carried his style into the 18th century.